Gabarito Final do Simulado aplicado dia 23/24 de maio de 2012

Simulado de Língua Espanhola

1 – E

2 – C

3 – A

4 – A

5 – C

6 – E

7 – B

8 – C

9 – D

10 – E

11 – B

12 – B

13 – B

14 – E

15 – B

16 – D

17 - C

Simulado de Língua Inglesa

1 – A
2 – E
3 – C
4 – D

5 – E      QUESTÃO NULA

6 – D
7 – B
8 – B
9 – A
10 – D
11 – E
12 – C
13 – D
14 – D
15 – A
16 – A
17 – A
18 – B
19 – A
20 - E

Principais Preposições

  ABOUT

sobre, a respeito de , em torno de, cerca de, por, devido a.

    Exemplos:

They were talking about politics;
The show began about midnight;

ABOVE

sobre, por sobre, mais de, acima de, superior a.

    Exemplos:

    We were flying above the clouds;
    There were above fifty pupils in the classroom;

   
ACROSS

de através, através de, no outro lado de, em contato com.

    Exemplos:

    We swam across the river;

    There is a restaurant across the avenue;

   
AFTER

depois de, após, atrás de, em homenagem a, à imitação de, à semelhança de.

    Exemplos:

    They left after dinner;

    After a storm comes a calm;

    The dog was running after the cat;

AGAINST

contra, em troca de, junto a, em.

    Exemplos:

    The boat sails against the current;
    They voted against my proposal; ( porposta)

  ALONG

ao longo de, por.

    Exemplos:

    The horses galloped at full speed along the road;

 AMID, AMIDST

entre, no meio de.

    Exemplos:

    He was seen amid the throng; (multidão)
    They are amidst enemies;

  AMONG, AMONGST

entre, no meio de, com.

    Exemplos:

    We are among(st) friends;

    The Christmas gifts were divided among the children;

  AROUND

ao redor de, perto de, por, de um lugar para outro.

    Exemplos:

    We planted a few trees around the house;
    There is a shop around the corner;
    We travelled around Europe for three months;

   
AROUND

ao redor de, perto de, por, de um lugar para outro.

    Exemplos:

    We planted a few trees around the house;
    There is a shop around the corner;
    We travelled around Europe for three months;

   
AT

em, a (à), ao, no, contra, para, de, com.

    Exemplos:

He spent a few days at Curitiba;
We are at home;
 He is standing at the door;.
He'll go at midnight; 
He was staying at the "Stevens Hotel“;
   .

  BEFORE

diante de, em frente de, na frente de, perante, antes de.

    Exemplos:

    The tanks were seen before the infantry;
    The poor and rich are alike before God; (iguais)
He'll arrive before noon;

 BEHIND

atrás de, detrás de, em apoio de, depois de.

    Exemplos:

    The broom is behind the door; (vassoura)
    All his friends are behind him;

 BELOW

abaixo de, para baixo de.

    Exemplos:

    The garage is below the ground floor;
    He is below his schoolfellows; (colegas)

It is the third shop below the post office;

  BENEATH

sob, abaixo de, inferior a.

    Exemplos:

    There was a bench beneath the tree;
    His conduct is beneath contempt; (crítica)

Present Perfect

1. Conjugação (verbo de exemplo ‘stop'):   

I/you/we/they have stopped
He/she/it has stopped

 

As contrações são: 

I've, you've, we've, they've
he's, she's, it's 

2. Usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" para nos referirmos a algo que aconteceu no passado, mas que mantém algum tipo de conexão com o presente. O verbo principal encontra-se no "Past Participle". Quando usamos o "Present Perfect", estamos pensando no passado e no presente ao mesmo tempo, tanto que podemos modificar uma sentença no "Present Perfect", transformando-a em uma frase no "Simple Present" sem alterar seu sentido. Veja: 

I've broken my arm. (=My arm is broken now.)

 

3. O "Present Perfect Tense", porém, não é usado quando não nos referimos ao presente: 

I missed the bus yesterday. ( e não I have missed the bus yesterday)

 

4. O "Present Perfect Tense" também é usado quando nos referimos às consequências que ações consumadas têm no presente: 

Suzy has had a baby. [Isto significa que, agora (em virtude de uma ação passada), Suzy tem um filho.] 

George has shot his girlfriend. [Isto significa que, agora (em virtude de uma ação passada), a namorada de George está morta.] 

5. Também usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" para afirmarmos e/ou perguntarmos/negarmos se algo já aconteceu alguma vez, se já aconteceu antes, se nunca aconteceu, se aconteceu até certa data, se não aconteceu até certo período, se algo ainda não aconteceu. Alguns exemplos (note que a tradução dos exemplos é impossível de ser feita conservando-se as nuances do tempo, particular à língua inglesa): 

Have you ever seen Elvis Presley? (=você já viu, alguma vez, o Elvis?)
I've never seen Elvis Presley. (=eu nunca vi Elvis Presley)
I think I've already done it. (=eu acho que eu já fiz isso)
He has written ‘shut up' for one hour. (=ele escreveu ‘shut up' durante uma hora)
Has Lyndon come yet? (=o Lyndon já veio?)

 

6. O "Present Perfect Tense" pode indicar ações que tiveram início no passado e vêm acontecendo até o presente: 

I've studied mathematics for years. (=eu venho estudando matemática por muitos anos)
I've tried to call you since two o'clock. (=tenho tentado te ligar desde as duas horas)
She's known him since 1897. (e nunca She knows him since 1897)

 

7. Nunca usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" em sentenças em que existam advérbios de tempo definido, tais como yesterday, last week, then, twenty years ago, in 1764 etc.

 

8. Quando queremos nos referir a ações que começaram no passado e ainda continuam acontecendo, podemos lançar mão de um outro tipo de construção, além do próprio "Present Perfect Tense", chamada "Present Perfect Progressive". Sua forma se dá da seguinte maneira: 

We've been studying since eight o'clock in the morning. (=estamos estudando desde as oito horas da manhã) 

Porém, damos preferência ao "Present Perfect Tense" quando nos referimos a ações mais permanentes e/ou duradouras. O "Present Perfect Progressive" é preferível quando as ações são mais efêmeras: 

That man's been standing there all day long.
That huge castle's stood there for 1200 years.

 

LISTA DE ALGUNS VERBOS IRREGULARES 

To be,                                     was/ were,                              been= ser,estar

To become,                             became,                                   become= tornar-se

To begin,                                began,                                                 begun= começar, iniciar

To bring,                                 brought,                                  brought= trazer

To buy,                                   bought,                                   bought= comprar

To choose,                              chose,                                     chosen= escolher

To come,                                 came,                                      come= vir

To do,                                                did,                                         done= fazer

To eat,                                    ate,                                         eaten= comer

To find,                                  found,                                                found= achar

To give,                                  gave,                                       given= dar

To go,                                     went,                                      gone= ir

To have,                                 had,                                        had= ter

To leave,                                 left,                                         left= partir, deixar

To make,                                made,                                     made= fazer

to run,                                     ran,                                        run= correr

to say,                                                said,                                        said= dizer

to see,                                     saw,                                        seen= ver

to sell,                                                sold,                                       sold= vender

to sleep,                                  slept,                                       slept= dormer

to speak,                                 spoke,                                     spoken= falar 

http://www.algosobre.com.br/ingles/present-perfect.html

MUCH - MANY - LITTLE - FEW

MUCH /MANY

MUCH = muito (a)

Antecede palavras incontáveis no SINGULAR.·.

Ex. We don't have much time.


MANY = muitos(as)

Antecede palavras contáveis no PLURAL.
Ex.  Many students are in the class.


LITTLE/ FEW

LITTLE = pouco(a)

Antecede palavras incontáveis no SINGULAR.

Ex. We have little time to talk.

FEW = poucos(as)

Antecede palavras contáveis no PLURAL.

Ex. Few students were in the class.


ATTENTION!!!

A LITTLE = SOME = um pouco

A FEW = SOME = alguns/algumas

Ex. You ought to put a little money in the bank every month. (Deveria)

Only a few people would agree with you.



Variações no uso de MUCH e MANY:

HOW MUCH = quanto(a)

Ex. HOW MUCH money did she spend on clothes?

HOW MANY = quantos(as)

Ex.   HOW MANY times have you been to Italy?

SO MUCH = tanto(a)

Ex. Who Knew There Was So Much poor people in the World?

SO MANY = tantos(as)

Ex.  There were SO MANY questions to answer that it was impossible for us to finish the test on time.

TOO MUCH = demais

Ex.  Mother has prepared TOO MUCH food for us.

TOO MANY = demais

Ex. They have brought TOO MANY boxes for the men to carry. (trouxeram)

VERY MUCH = muito (advérbio de intensidade)
Ex.  She loves him VERY MUCH.

MUCH, MANY = A LOT OF, LOTS OF, A GREAT DEAL OF, PLENTY OF

Ex:  

I'll have A LOT OF money to lend if my salary rises.

I'll have LOTS OF money to lend if my salary rises.

I'll have MUCH money to lend if my salary rises.

I'll have PLENTY OF money to lend if my salary rises.

Henry has made A LOT OF plans for his future home.

Henry has made LOTS OF plans for his future home.

Henry has made MANY plans for his future home.

Henry has made PLENTY OF plans for his future home.