Presente Simples
- To = antes do verbo indica que ele está no infinitivo;
To sell – vender
To drink – beber
To Call – ligar,
chamar
I call for you every evening.
They need to call for you every morning.
He calls for you.
She stands up when you arrive.
Simone watches tv all day long.
REGRA
GERAL PARA A TERCEIRA PESSOA DO SINGULAR:
- Na terceira pessoal acrescentamos –S no verbo.
He prefers to spend my day studying that watching tv.
Verbos
terminados em -S,-SH,-CH,-O,-X,-Z.
Acrescentamos
–ES;
Ex: Michael watches soap opera and says that
doesn't like soccer.
Somebody passes this pen to my classmate,
please.
O Seu SHampoo
CHeiroso da Xuxa EStragou!
Verbos terminados em –y, precedido por uma
consoante. Trocamos o -Y por –IES;
Juliana tries to sell her tennis, but it is
very old.
Carlos studies
in Minas Gerais.
Advérbios ligadas ao
presente simples:
Always: Occasionally:
100% 35%
Usually: Rarely:
85% 20%
Often: Never:
70% 0%
Sometimes:
50%
Forma Interrogativa do
Presente Simples
Do
- Usado para fazer perguntas com os
pronomes I, You, We, They
Ex: You live
near the my house.
Do you live near
the my house?
José and Jonas
work a lot in this factory.
Do Jose and
Jonas work a lot in this factory?
Does
- Usado para fazer perguntas com os
pronomes He, She, It.
Ex: He lives
near the my house.
Does
he live near the my house?
José works a lot
in this factory.
Does
Jose work a lot in this factory?
Carol Cries so loud.
Does
Carol Cry so loud?
Forma Negativa do
Presente Simples
Don’t
- É “não” para os pronomes I, You, We,
They.
Ex: You live
near the my house.
You don’t live near the my house.
I love to study
English.
I don’t love to study English.
Doesn’t
- É “não” para os pronomes He, She, It.
Ex: She lives
near the my house.
She doesn’t live near the my house.
He loves to
study English.
He doesn’t love to study English.
Matheus carries
everything that he needs in the bag.
Matheus doesn’t carry everything that he needs
in the bag.
Passado Simples
She broke her leg.
He studied a lot yesterday.
They woke up late this morning.
Regras:
- Verbos terminados em:
-
E acrescenta apenas -d.
Exemplo:
to free → freed
- -consoante + y: troca o Y por -ied.
Exemplo:
to dry → dried
- -CVC: repita a consoante final e acrescenta -ed.
Exemplo: to plan → planned
- Verbos irregulares
to be → was/ were
to have →
had
to do → did
to eat →
ate
to go →
went
to come → came
give → gave
Forma Interrogativa do
Passado Simples
Did
- Usado para fazer perguntas no passado
simples.
Ex: I stopped here.
Did
I stop here yesterday?
He is a painter.
Was
he a painter five years ago?
She buys at the shop.
What did she buy at the shop?
Forma Negativa do
Passado Simples
Didn’t
- É “não” para todos os pronomes no
passado simples.
Ex: I stopped here.
I did not
stop here yesterday.
I didn’t stop
here yesterday.
This table was
here.
This table was
not here yesterday. (wasn’t )
Futuro não imediato
usando Will
Futuro
distante, indeterminado;
I will die.
Corinthians will
be champions in Liberators of America Cup.
Jesus Will come back!
Will
– Colocado entre o sujeito e o verbo para dá a ideia de futuro.
Ex: I think I
will call him later. No. I’ll call him now.
We’ll probably move to a bigger apartment.
Maybe this help you.
I am here.
I will be there.
Forma
Interrogativa do Futuro não imediato “WILL”
I give you a
ride.
Will I give you
a ride?
He answers the
phone.
Will he answer
the phone?
You please open
the window.
Will you open
the window?
Forma Negativa do
Futuro não imediato “WILL”
You will fall if
you aren’t careful.
They will not
come if you don’t invite them. (won’t)
She’ll not buy
him a present then. (won’t)
Verbo to Be
Conjugações:
- Am – usado para I;
I am here.
- Is – usado para he, she, it;
He is ugly
person.
- Are – usado para we, you, they;
They are
learning English.
Forma Interrogativa do
Verbo to Be
Jose is your
friend.
Is Jose your
friend?
Marian and Joana
are living in USA.
Are Maria and
Joana living in USA?
You’re sad because
today there’s English class again.
Are you sad
cause today there is English class again?
Forma Negativa do Verbo
to Be
Jose is your
friend.
Jose is not your
friend.
Marian and Joana
are living in USA.
Maria and Joana aren’t
living in USA.
I am sad.
I ain't sad. (I’m
not sad.)
Forma Contraída do
Verbo to Be
I am – I’m
I am not – I’m
not – I ain’t
You are – You
are
You are not –
You’re not - you aren’t
He is – He’s
He is not – he’s
not – he isn’t
She is – she’s
She is not –
She’s not – she isn’t
It is not – It’s
not - it isn’t
We are not –
we’re not – we aren’t
They are not –
they’re not – they aren’t
She is sometimes
unhappy
Futuro Imediato “Going to”
- Falar de
planos que foram feitos com antecedência.
Ex: I’m going to buy a car next month
Fazer previsões num futuro próximo.
Ex: I think its going to rain.- Também pode ser usado com a palavra probably (provavelmente).
Ex: I
probably going to talk with her.
Estrutura
I go to São Paulo.
I am going
to go to São Paulo next week.
She washes the
dishes.
She is going to
wash the dishes when arrive at home.
Forma Interrogativa do
Futuro Imediato “going to”
I am going to
go to São Paulo next week.
Am I going to
go to São Paulo next week?
She is going to
wash the dishes when arrive at home.
Is she going to wash the dishes when arrive at
home?
We are
going to buy a car next month.
Are we
going to buy a car next month?
Forma Negativa do
Futuro Imediato “going to”
I am going to
go to São Paulo next week.
I am not going
to go to São Paulo next week.
She is going to
wash the dishes when arrive at home.
She is not going
to wash the dishes when arrive at home.
We are
going to buy a car next month.
We are not going to buy a car next month.
Expressões ligadas ao
futuro
•
Tomorrow – amanhã
• The day after tomorrow – depois de amanhã
•
Next week – próxima semana
•
Next weekend – próximo final de semana
•
Next month – próximo mês
•
Next year – próximo ano
Presente
Contínuo
Sujeito + verbo to be +
verbo + “ing” + complemento
·
Deve-se retirar o “e” dos verbos
terminados com essa letra, antes de se acrescentar o “ing”.
Ex: to ride (andar) - riding
to dance (dançar) – dancing
to dance (dançar) – dancing
·
Deve-se dobrar a última letra dos verbos
monossílabos terminados em CVC antes de se acrescentar o “ing”.
Ex: to swim (nadar) - swimming
to put (colocar) - putting
to put (colocar) - putting
Exceção:
Open
– opening
·
Verbos terminados em -IE perdem o
-IE e ganham Y+ING:
Ex: lie = lying
die = dying
Exceção:
Os
terminados em EE não perdem nada
e só ganham o ING:
Ex:
agree = agreeing
Formas
Contraída, Interrogativa e Negativa
She’s studying English now.
He is not playing the electric guitar at this moment.
Is Mariane talking to Bob?
Exemplos:
He plays the electric guitar.
He is playing the electric guitar at this moment.
She listens to music.
She is listening to music.
They help their mother.
They are helping their mother.
Susan watches the soap opera.
Susan is watching the soap opera.
The kids play on the backyard.
The kids are playing on the backyard.
She rides a bike.
She is riding a bike now.
She dances ballet.
She is dancing ballet.
He swims on the lake.
He is swimming on the lake.
Mariane talks to Bob.
Mariane is talking to Bob.
Pronomes
oblíquos ou objetos
I ------------ Me
You -------- You
He ---------- Him
She ----------Her
It ------------It
We --------- Us
They --------Them
Chris and Mary are friends. They like to study
together on the weekends.
Your baby is so cute. Is it a boy or a girl?
Richard is my neighbor. He is so handsome.
My sister gave this chocolate to I. (errado)
My sister gave this chocolate to me.(certo)
I love Bob.
I love him.
I bought these sunglasses to Lisa.
I bought these sunglasses to her.
Susan and I will travel together on our next vacation.
We will stay on a fancy hotel.
Give me those books.
Mariane called you yesterday morning.
Pass these folders to him, please.
Mary gave her daughter a tricycle.
She send us some e-mails.
They brought you a lot of gifts.
The teacher gave them a poor grade.
PLURAL
·
A maioria dos substantivos forma seu
plural acrescentando a letra ‘s’, igual a português. Alguns exemplos:
dog (cachorro)
– dogs
cat (gato) – cats
girl (menina) – girls
hat (chapéu) – hats
cat (gato) – cats
girl (menina) – girls
hat (chapéu) – hats
·
Quando o substantivo termina em S, SH,
CH, X, Z e O ele recebe a terminação –es. Exemplos:
glass (copo)
– glasses
bench (banco) – benches
bush (arbusto) – bushes
box (caixa) – boxes
buzz (zumbido) – buzzes
potato (batata) – potatoes
bench (banco) – benches
bush (arbusto) – bushes
box (caixa) – boxes
buzz (zumbido) – buzzes
potato (batata) – potatoes
·
Agora, quando o substantivo acabar em Y,
existem duas situações. Se o Y vier depois de uma vogal, acrescenta-se somente
a letra ‘s’. Exemplos:
boy (menino)
– boys
day (dia) – days
key (chave) – Keys
day (dia) – days
key (chave) – Keys
·
Agora, quando o substantivo acabar em Y,
existem duas situações. Se o Y vier depois de uma vogal, acrescenta-se somente
a letra ‘s’. Exemplos:
boy (menino)
– boys
day (dia) – days
key (chave) – keys
day (dia) – days
key (chave) – keys
·
Se o Y vier depois de uma consoante,
retiramos o Y e acrescentamos a terminação IES. Exemplos:
country (país)
– countries
fly (mosca) – flies
strawberry (morango) – strawberries
fly (mosca) – flies
strawberry (morango) – strawberries
·
Quando o substantivo acaba em F ou FE,
usamos a terminação VES. Exemplos:
half (metade) – halves
knife (faca) – knives
leaf (folha) – leaves
wife (esposa) – wives
knife (faca) – knives
leaf (folha) – leaves
wife (esposa) – wives
Existem algumas
exceções:
cliff (penhasco)
– cliffs
chief (chefe) – chiefs
proof (prova) – proofs
roof (telhado) – roofs
chief (chefe) – chiefs
proof (prova) – proofs
roof (telhado) – roofs
·
O plural em inglês também tem algumas
irregularidades. Vejamos
algumas bem comuns.
foot (pé) – feet
tooth (dente) – teeth
man (homem) – men
woman (mulher) – women
mouse (rato) – mice
person (pessoa) – people
tooth (dente) – teeth
man (homem) – men
woman (mulher) – women
mouse (rato) – mice
person (pessoa) – people
·
E por fim, há algumas palavras que não
mudam quando são usadas no plural. Exemplos:
sheep (ovelha) – sheep
deer (veado, cervo) – deer
deer (veado, cervo) – deer
Well, this is it for today, people! See
you next time!
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